Article I – SPINOZA: GOD, NATURE & THE INVENTED HOLY SPIRIT By Sasha Alex Lessin, Ph.D. (Anthropology, UCLA) God Without a Throne Baruch Spinoza did not dismantle faith. He dismantled control. In the seventeenth century, when theology still justified kings, churches, and empires, Spinoza advanced a proposition so radical it triggered his expulsion from the …



